In 1989, creative differences saw Humphreys and other members form the spin-off band the Listening Pool, leaving McCluskey the only remaining member of OMD. The group embraced a more radio-friendly sound on Junk Culture (1984) this change in direction led to greater success in the United States, and spawned hits including " If You Leave" (from the 1986 film Pretty in Pink). Although later reappraised, Dazzle Ships (1983) was seen as overly experimental, and eroded European support. Weathering an "uncool" image and a degree of hostility from music critics, the band achieved popularity throughout Europe with the 1980 anti-war song " Enola Gay", and gained further recognition via Architecture & Morality (1981) and its three hit singles. McCluskey and Humphreys led precursor group the Id from 1977–1978, and re-recorded their track " Electricity" as OMD's debut single in 1979. The band were also an early presence in the MTV-driven Second British Invasion of the US. Regarded as pioneers of electronic music, OMD combined an experimental, minimalist ethos with pop sensibilities, becoming key figures in the emergence of synth-pop. The group consists of co-founders Andy McCluskey (vocals, bass guitar) and Paul Humphreys (keyboards, vocals), along with Martin Cooper (keyboards, saxophone) and Stuart Kershaw (drums) McCluskey has been the only constant member. Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark ( OMD) are an English electronic band formed in Wirral, Merseyside, in 1978.
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